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Causes and prevention of abnormal curds in cauliflower

Click: Time:2021-09-14 15:54:18

1. Early flower. Refers to the phenomenon that cauliflower plants appear early in their urination. (1) Reasons: improper selection of varieties: low temperature or drought in the seedling stage; low temperature after planting, slow seedling mantle: long seedlings or small old seedlings; insufficient soil fertility and weak vegetative growth during flower bulb growth will lead to premature budding , Curd development is not big. If the flower bulb encounters heat and drought during the growth period, the flower buds are prone to dry or loose bulbs, and even bloom. (2) Preventive measures: select suitable high-quality varieties and sow at the right time; the temperature of seedling stage is 8~23℃, the temperature of rosette stage is 15~18℃, and the temperature of flower bulb development stage is 15-20℃. For spring sowing and summer harvest cultivation, prevent long-term low temperature below 10℃ during the seedling period. It is not advisable to plant too early in spring. Generally, it can be planted only when the external daily temperature is stable above 6℃ (the temperature at 10 cm on the ground is 5℃). 6 to 7 strong seedlings of true leaves and 1 heart. If it is planted early, it is necessary to cover the ground with mulching film in advance to raise the ground temperature. It is also covered with a simple shed for heat preservation. In autumn cultivation, the management of seedbed water and fertilizer should be strengthened to prevent drought. The age of seedlings during planting should not be too old. Generally, 5-6 true leaves and 1 core, 25-28 days old and strong seedlings are appropriate, and weak seedlings and small old seedlings should not be used. At the same time, the top dressing should be early, mainly to promote, so that sufficient number of leaves, developed roots and thick stems are formed when the flower buds differentiate.

2. Yellow flower ball, Jiao Lei. Refers to when the flower bulb grows to the size of a fist, the flower bud grains turn yellow; the center of the flower bulb turns into a dry brown. (1) Reasons: high temperature, more rain and less sunshine during the swelling period of the flower bulb; or the plant is elongated and the flower stem is elongated; or the outer leaves are too luxuriant to make the color of the flower bulb lighter and yellow, and the quality of the flower bulb is reduced. On the contrary, it is easy to encounter strong light. Jiao Lei appeared. If boron is deficient during the growth period, it will often cause the surface of the flower bulb to turn brown and taste bitter. (2) Preventive measures: Appropriate fertilization should be used during cultivation to prevent excess fertility. Compound fertilizer should be applied once during the sprouting period and the flower bulb expansion period. Avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. According to the growth and development of the plant, apply an appropriate amount of trace element fertilizer. Increase the plant spacing to inhibit the vegetative growth of the curd swelling period. If there is no rain for a long time in the high temperature season, and the light is too strong, the leaves can be removed to cover the flower bulb, which can not only reduce. The occurrence of Jiao Lei can also prevent the flower bulb from turning yellow.

3. Scattered flower balls. Refers to the flower bulb of the same plant, part of the flower buds develop slowly, the flower bulb diverges, forming a flower bulb that is uneven like a grove. (1) Reasons: First, the flower buds grow too vigorously after differentiation, and the reproductive growth is inhibited; second, the high temperature during the flower bud differentiation period makes the flower bud differentiation incomplete; the third is the low temperature during the late seedling period or after the planting, which causes the flower buds to develop poorly and cause loose shape Curd; Fourth, the main root is damaged and the root system is underdeveloped, which affects the growth and development of the plant and results in scattered curd. (2) Preventive measures: cultivate strong seedlings of appropriate age. After planting, watering should be appropriate in spring, ploughing frequently to increase the ground temperature: watering the seedlings in time in autumn, reducing the ground temperature, ploughing to loosen the soil, and promoting slowing the seedlings. Maintain a certain humidity in the field: to fully expand the root system to prevent root rot. At the same time, it is necessary to maintain uniform fertility and avoid excessive topdressing at a time.

4. Hairy flowers. Refers to the appearance of hairs on the surface of the curd in cauliflower cultivation. (1) Reason: The hairs on cauliflower are caused by flower stalk elongation, organ differentiation and sepal formation, and are generally yellow-green or purple. (2) Preventive measures: Sowing at the right time, early-maturing cauliflower seeds can be sown from April to June, and mid-late-maturing seeds are the best sowing time from June to early August. The age of seedlings should not be too large when planting. Generally, 5 to 6 true leaves and 1 core, strong seedlings of 25 to 28 days are appropriate, and weak seedlings and small old seedlings are avoided. At the same time, plough the soil frequently to promote the slowing of the seedlings. Topdressing early, mainly to promote, apply separately in the budding stage and the swelling stage. , Sub-compound fertilizer, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. When drought is in short supply, water at the right time to keep the soil moist. Long-term high temperature and strong light also need to pick the leaf cover curd.

5. Purple flowers. Unbalanced red and purple appear on the surface of the cauliflower bulb. (1) Reason: It is related to the sudden low temperature after the curd is formed, which is caused by the conversion of glycosides in the curd tissue to anthocyanins. (2) Preventive measures: Choose suitable good varieties and sow at the right time to make the temperature suitable for each growth period. When planting, apply plantar fertilizer, strengthen field management, according to the growth characteristics of the plants in different periods, combined with watering, apply different proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. In the case of low temperature during the growth period of the flower bulb, one is to consider covering the bulb to prevent freezing, and the other is to fake plants with small flower bulbs. (Reproduced)


Causes and prevention of abnormal curds in cauliflower
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