Focus on the scientific development of broccoli

------- Broccoli planting is risky, selection and planting are the key

He Yafei Zheng Qingfeng

    Anti-cancer, anti-aging, and beautifying skin, broccoli has received more and more attention in recent years because of these health effects. In China, the consumer market for broccoli is also rising year after year. Many big growers began to pay more attention to the vibrant broccoli. However, how to grow high-quality broccoli and accurately grasp the time to market? It is not a simple matter. Today, the Asia-Africa Getting Rich Book takes you to focus on broccoli, and talk about those things about broccoli with the "personal experience" of Asia and Africa!

Let's take the trial planting of broccoli varieties in Zhongmu County, Henan Province as an example to share with you.

1. Determine the harvest time, select the appropriate variety, and determine the best sowing date

   Broccoli prefers cold climates and is more resistant to cold, and the vegetative growth period is more heat-resistant; in general, the optimum temperature for seed germination is 15-30℃, the optimum temperature for growth is 20-22℃, and the optimum temperature for flower bud development is 15-18℃. However, it is often difficult for us to achieve this ideal environment in the production process. At the same time, we must also consider market conditions and try to extend the time to market. At this time, a variety that can be listed at a time is more important.

The author learned in Zhongmou County that although the local broccoli has a certain planting area and history, the phenomenon of following the trend among growers is still serious. Once I heard about which variety is good, I did not fully understand the adaptability of this variety and the best sowing date. , Blindly planting, leading to centralized listing, farmers have to bargain and sell, resulting in reduced planting efficiency.

So, how can the planting benefit be maximized? It is recommended to "put the eggs in different baskets", that is, the early, middle, and late varieties of different types will be marketed evenly, so as to avoid risks and secure victory.

As far as Zhongmou is concerned: ①If you expect to be listed around National Day, it is recommended to raise seedlings from July 15th to July 31st. Seedlings of Asian and African green, very early maturity, off-season market, compact and mini type, this category belongs to consumers' favorite of.

②If you expect to go on the market around National Day to New Year's Day, it is recommended to grow seedlings from July 25th to August 10th, planting Yafei Lufeng or Yafei Fat, this mid-late maturing type has thick stems, large size and yield. High, it belongs to our broccoli growers like;

③If you expect to be on the market after New Year's Day and before the Spring Festival, it is recommended to grow seedlings around August 10-August 15 to plant late-maturing Asian and African jade. After picking the main flower, you can also pick the side flower, and the main side will be harvested. Of course, those who don't like the side flowers can also knock down the side flowers in advance and only accept the main flowers.

    ④If you don’t like thick stems or thin stems; you don’t like very early ripening or very late ripening, but only medium early ripening, then our suggestion is from August 1 to 8. Seedlings will be cultivated on the 15th, planting Asian-African green jade (upgraded economy), or Asian-African jade 65 and Asian-African queen (species purchased by vegetable dealers in some regions). These three varieties are liked by both growers and consumers. of! In a word: there is always one for you!

All of the above varieties do not contain anthocyanins, and will not change purple even at low temperature, and are not easy to be hollow. They are highly popular in the market and are in short supply.

Reasonably extend the time to market and avoid market risks as much as possible. As a farmer, we do not seek to get rich overnight, but we hope to achieve steady progress. Broccoli planting is risky, selection and planting are the key!

Reminder: Try to choose broccoli varieties that do not contain anthocyanins. For example, in Zhongmou County, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, the old broccoli varieties that went on the market from November to the Spring Festival of the Gregorian calendar have more or less redness, which affects the appearance of the flower bulbs and thus affects the price. This is mainly because the temperature is too low at this time, and the anthocyanin will make the curd appear purple-red when it meets the low temperature. So make a reasonable choice and update the varieties in due course.

2. For high quality and high yield, fertilizer and water management is the key

 (1) Eat full at the seedling stage

The seedling stage of broccoli is just like a child, it is in the stage of body growth. Inadequate fertilizer and water management during the seedling stage will lead to insufficient energy supply during the later stage of nutrient growth, and finally the broccoli flower bulbs are as thin as wood.

For example, some people like the "Lvfeng" broccoli variety of the Asian and African Seed Industry. It not only has a high yield, but also has a fine flower, and the flower bulbs are particularly tight and do not turn red when exposed to low temperatures. But this breed is like a tall guy, big guys eat more. Of course, some broccoli varieties are relatively tolerant to barrenness. For example, the "late-maturing jade" of the Asian and African seed industry can still perform well under relatively extensive management conditions. However, these varieties are relatively small, so we still have to strengthen water and fertilizer management in the production process.

  (2) Eat well during the budding period

After the broccoli buds, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be strengthened. In addition to the large number of elements, there is more demand for medium and trace elements, especially magnesium, calcium, boron, and molybdenum. Lack of trace elements can easily lead to empty stems, white stems, pine flowers, etc., which have a great impact on quality. Therefore, special attention should be paid to increasing organic fertilizer and trace elements during the cultivation process, especially after budding. However, these refined management is definitely a challenge for our big growers, and it will affect the quality if we are not careful. In the process of planting, we still have to choose varieties that are not sensitive to boron fertilizer as much as possible, so that we can save a lot of trouble when we produce. For example, the "Queen", "Jade 65", "Green Jade" and "Late-maturing Jade" of the Asian and African Seed Industry are all recognized good varieties in the market.

The general principle: base fertilizer should be organic fertilizer, add appropriate amount of boron fertilizer (1—1.5kg per mu); topdressing should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it is best to use compound fertilizer, appropriate amount of urea, and do not apply more nitrogen fertilizer on one side in the later period. , And topdressing with boron fertilizer (0.1% borax topdressing 2-3 times) to prevent the hollow and bulb from scarring and disease. Pay attention to fertilizer and water management in the following three periods:

Fertilizer for seedling extraction: 0.5% ammonium bicarbonate plus 1% calcium superphosphate after planting and returning to seedlings, and then topdressing every 5 days. The principle of planting holes is wet.

Fertilizer for growing trees: Use 1% urea to water the fertilizer for about 10 leaves. Apply more for small vegetables, apply less for large vegetables, apply lightly on sunny days, apply thickly on rainy days, and water frequently to keep the soil moist.

Flower ball fertilizer: Reapply flower ball fertilizer. When the flower ball is present, apply 30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, and then apply 15 kg of urea during the flower bulb expansion period to promote the bulb expansion.

3. To grow broccoli well, management must not be less:

(1) Cultivation of soil: generally 5 to 6 days after planting, the ground begins to harden due to operation or rain impact, and when weeds begin to sprout, the first intertillage is carried out. Later depending on the situation, after the rain, the soil is dry and wet when appropriate. 1 ~2 times. The broccoli plant is tall and the base of the stem is also high, which makes it easy to lodging. Therefore, soil is cultivated once before the plant is sealed to promote the occurrence of adventitious roots and thick stems and prevent lodging. But these are also related to varieties. Asian and African broccoli series such as "Queen", "Green Jade", "Jade 65", "Lvfeng", and "Fatty" are relatively short and sturdy and easy to produce on a large scale. .

(2) Whether to wipe the buds should be based on local consumption habits: if only the top flowers are harvested locally, the lateral buds of the above individual varieties, such as "late-maturing jade", can be wiped in time, which can reduce nutrient consumption. Of course, some areas have sizes. Flower consumption habits, "late-maturing jade" is particularly suitable for both the main side and the side, so that you can get additional benefits. In other broccoli varieties, there are few side buds, so there is no need to wipe the buds. For example: the "Queen", "Green Jade" and "Green Peak" of the Asia-Africa Company, which saves part of the labor cost in management.

3. The harvest must be timely:

Broccoli is mainly fresh food, so it must be harvested in time. Flower ball standard: The flower ball is solid, round, mushroom-shaped, with small buds and blue-green in color. The harvest time is generally morning or evening.

Postscript: "Landlords" in the new era, the development of broccoli is both an opportunity and a challenge! Catering to the market, scientific selection of seeds, and good cultivation methods can minimize risks and maximize profits.

With wind and rain along the way, Asia and Africa Seed Industry will walk with you. If you have any insights and questions on production, welcome to communicate with us! Our mailbox: yafeiseed@163.com